Diversity of the numerous Fruit Plants of Bangladesh

Anup Sadi
Poet & Author, Bangladesh
October- 2009
Preface

Submission of a term paper in the Foundation Training Course is a noble idea of National Academy for Educational Management (NAEM) towards endowing the trainees with the ability to do research work or important and critical issues of the society. “A Study on Diversity of Fruit Plants in Bangladesh” is a time benefiting topic which deserves due attention and importance of our country. I have made a fair attempt to prepare my topic with the best available information within the limited period.

The objectives of preparing term paper for the training course are to increase  the capacity of trainee for identifying of socio-economic problem to find out the nature and course  of problem to create  awareness  of trainee  about the problem and to solve them through  investigation.

Fruit plants are an important wealth in our country. From long ago fruit  plants assail their leaf, stem, root, fruit etc are used to protect desire. But with the much destructing of forest they are also destroyed. According to the scientist  many of  them are already  extinct, so my term paper  topic  is very  important in this time  I am very happy to prepare this term paper within short  time. I would be more than rewarded if my study benefits the readers to some extent and stimulates  thinking in the respective spheres.

Acknowledgement

It is worth whole to mention that in doing any important work the guidance and supervision is very essential. Preparation of term paper is a compulsory work of foundation training course. I take this opportunity to express earnest and almost gratitude to the honorable Director General of NAEM for including term paper in the foundation training course. In preparing this report I received whole hearted cooperation from my respectable supervisor and guide Md. Rafiqul Islam. I express my gratitude and heartiest thanks to his guidance, valuable suggestions and sympathetic co-operation.

I am grateful to course director Mostafizur Rahman and course co ordinations. I am also grateful to all NAEM faculty members, library authority for their earnest Co-operation.

Abstract

The Plants which grow fruits according to their fundamental nature are called fruit plants. There are about 140 fruit Plants in our country. They have much variety diversity. They have diversity in size & shape, in habitat, in adaptation power, in flowering, in production season, in somatically element and in the activity on human and animal life.

Most of the plants of the world produce fruits according to their respective nature and variety. Among them only a few number of item, we can use as food for their taste, smell, deliciousness, and overall food value. Those, which can be eaten by human, birds, animals, insects and all other beasts are called fruit. As a result it can be said that the plants which contain fruits are called fruit plants. We not only use the fruits as our food item, but also we use the rest fundamental part of the plants such as roots, leaves, tanks, flowers as many other productive and reproductive purposes. We can get wood which can be used for various constructional works and firewood, biochemicals which can be used for manufacturing medicine directly or indirectly, flowers that have both decorative and biochemical values, leaves those are important for making shelter, using as fire  elements, producing biochemicals and spices, barks are used as spices, medicine, fiber and many other perspective. Various kinds of fruit items are reproduced to be used as spices, perfumes, cosmetic staples. Fruits contains all kinds of essentials minerals, what are the vital elements for our existence. To make our nature Ecologically balanced and to keep our existence progressive, it is our foremost duty to save, culture, conserve the regarding  fruit plants diversity.

List of Tables

Table No 01	The list of fruit plants on their diversity
Table No 02	List of available, vulnerable, endangered, critically endangered, extinct and data deficient fruit plants in Bangladesh.

Acronyms and Abbreviation

SACEP – South Asian Cooperation Environment Program.
IUCN – International Union for conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.
BNH – Bangladesh National Herbarium.
WHO – World Health Organization.
FTC – Foundation Training Course.
B.C.S – Bangladesh Civil Service.
NAEM – National Academy for Educational Management.
WCU – World Conservation Union.

List of Contents

Contents

No.	Subject	Page
1		Preface	I
2		Acknowledgement	ii
3		Abstract	iii
4		List of the tables	iv
5		Acronyms and abbreviations	v
6	2.1	Introduction	1
2.1a	Statement of the problem	2
2.1 b	Objectives  of the study	2
2.1.c	Scope of the term paper	2
2.1 d	Source and research method	3
2.1 e	Definition	3
2.1 f	Limitations	3
7	2.2	Main Body	4
2.2 a	Classification of fruit plants	4
2.2 b	Significant of fruit plants	4
2.2 c	Fruit plants and it’s diversity	4
2.2 d	Fruit plants and its’ diversity are shown through picture	11-27
2.2 e	Causes  the extinction  of fruit plants	28
2.2 f	Available and Non-available fruit Plants in Bangladesh	29-34
2.2 g	The necessity  and importance of the conservation of  fruit plants	35
8	3.3 a	Main steps are taken by Govt. to  conserve the fruit plants	36
9	3.3 b	Research findings	36
10	3.3 c	Recommendations	37
11	3.3 d	Conclusion	38
12	3.3 e	Bibliography	38

2.1   Introduction of the Diversity of Fruit Plants in Bangladesh

There is a lot of diversity of the fruit plants in the Asian countries especially in South Asia. There is no such diversity in the world. More than 400 types of fruit plants grow in the Asian countries. Among them most fruit plants grow in the South Asian countries. The weather of the South Asian countries is very helpful for the diversity of fruit plants. About More than 50 types of primitive fruit plants originated from South Asia. Minimum 20 fruits are cultivated here commercially. There are many types of fruits those are wild but we can eat them as food item and these fruits varies by their tastes. About 55 percent  of the total fruits are  wild and people do not cultivate them.

The unconventional fruits have plenty of food values. These fruits also can be the source of nutrition and they have also preventive power against disease. So it should be our noble duty to conserve the fruit plants from extinction.

2.1 a  Statement of the problem:

Every country has needed 25% forest land of the total. But our forest is destroyed by the increasing population, house, industry and land is used for cultivation by destroying forest. But forest is very essential part for environmental equilibrity which is very essential for human health. If forest is destroyed promptly we will be also lost our fruit Plants. Because most of them are wild fruits plant. Most of the people of our country are very poor. They almost depend on fruit Plants for their earnings, to treat as food item to treat their disease. From the ancient time man uses different types of fruit Plants such as fruit, root, leaf, stem, bark, flower etc to treat some disease such as dysentery, diarrhea, cold etc. But at present this plants are not found for their destroying in several way. To solve this problem we should take a proper action to conserve the diversification of fruit Plants.

2.1 b  Objectives of this study:

Fruit plants are one of the best natural resource of Bangladesh. It is very much related to our health culture. 100% populations of our country are directly or indirectly depend on fruit plants for their food value.

on the basis of our socio-economic and  vast uses of fruit plants, the main objective of this study are as follow-

1. To know about the diversity of fruit plants
2. To save the existence of fruit culture.
3. To introduce our native/ local fruits to our future generation.

2.1 c Scope of the term paper:

Plants especially fruit plants play a significant role in human being. They have several scopes in researching aspects.

But in short time all aspects of motion is very difficult. In this term paper the following scope are described.

1. Habitual and usable diversification of Fruit plants.
2. Identifying the causes of diversity.
3. Solve & Recommendation of the problem.

2.1 d Source and research method:

Due to scarcity of time, I could not collect data form primary source. It includes data and information of various secondary sources. Relevant books, magazines, essays, newspaper etc. have acted as source of data and information.

The technique of writing review article has been followed on the basis of collected data. Yet, in light of our knowledge and experience own conception has also been applied here.   

2.1 e.  Definitions:

The words or term which are used in this term paper are defined below-
Fruit: Only those types of fruits which can be eaten by human being
Bangladesh: Means the whole area of the country which have independence and sovereignty.
Habitat: It means the environment/ place which the plants are grown.
Conservation: This term is used to means the conservation of fruit plants.
Diversity: It means the difference among the fruit plants on the basis of the genetical, environmental and morphological structure.
Pharmacology: The subject in which description is written about the fruit plants.

2.1 f Limitations:

This term paper has been prepared as a supplementary part of 108 Foundation Training course. Due to scarcity of time, I could not understand field level research and follow survey and hypothetical method of fundamental research.

Shortage of time and lack of adequate publication was important constraint for the preparation of the term paper. Lack of fundamental research, we are unable to find out the real English version name of all the local fruits.

2.2  Main Body

2.2.a   Classification of fruit plants

According to the shape and size fruit plants are several types.

we have divided the fruit plants from their family and we use the scientific and local name of the fruits

1. Family:
2. Scientific name
3. Local name

2.2. b   Significant of fruit plants :-

In human life the significant of fruit plants is unlimited. We get not only the food, grain, dal, oil, fibre, wood, vegetable fruit but also get disease protected medicine from plants. Fruit plants have a very valuable role to protect several diseases.

2.2.c   Fruit plants and it’s diversity:

There are about 130 fruit plants in our country. Most of them are grown in natural environment on the basis of their habitat. Most of them are grown in different place and environment for their adaptation capacity : In below a table is presented on the diversity of fruit plants.

Table -01 : The list of fruit plants on their diversity.

SL No. ক্রম	English or Common Name	Bangla Local Name  বাংলা নাম	Scientific Name    বৈজ্ঞানিক নাম	Family Name    পরিবারের নাম
01	Mango	আম	Mangifera indica L.	Anacardiaceae
02		বন আম	Mangifera sylvatica	“
03		দেশি আমড়া	Spondias Manigifera	“
04		বিলাতি আমড়া	Spondias dulcis	“
05		কাজু বাদাম	Anacordiam Occidentale	“
06		ননিফল	Morinda citrifolia	“
07		চিরঞ্জি	Buchanania lanzan	“
08		ভোলাটুকি	Somecarpus anacordium	“
09	Custard apple	আতা	Anona reticulata	Anonaceae
10	Soursop	টক আতা	Anona Muricata	“
11	Sugar apple	শরিফা	Anona Squamosa	“
12		হামজাম	Polyanthia suberosa	“
13		মুড়মুড়ি	Polyalthia Suberosa	“
14		বড়সানে, ছোটসানে	Melodorum fructicosum	“
15		আঁকুরা	Alangium Salvifolium	Alangiaceac
16		করমচা	cavissa carandas	Apocynaocac
17		মিষ্টি করমচা	Carissa Ovata	“
18		লতা আম	Willughbea edulis	“
19		কামরাঙা	Averrhoa  Carambola	Axalidaceae
20		বিলিম্বি	Averrhoa bilimbi	“
21		বাওয়ালী ফল	Sarcolobus globosus	Asclapiadaceae

22		অরবরই	Phyllanthus acidus	Euphorbiaceae
23		আমলকি	Emblica officinalis	“
24		কুমকই	Bridelia retusa	“
25		তিমতোয়া	Antidesma ghesaembilla	“
26		লটকন	Baccaurea ramiflora	“
27	Fox nut	মাখনা	Euryale ferox	Urilaceae
28		দেশি গাব	Diospyros perigrina	Ebenaceae
29		গাব গুলাব	Diospyros toposia	“
30		বহরি	Cordia dichotoma	Ethraceae
31		কালোজা	Ethritia acminata	“
32		জলফই	Elaeocarpus floribundus	Elaeocarpaceae
33		জলপাই	Olea europea	Oliaceae
34		কাঠবাদাম	Terminalia catappa	Combretaceae
35		বহেরা	Terminalia belerica	“
36		হরিতকি	Terminalia chebula	“
37		পেঁপে	Carica papaya	Caricaceae
38		মধুমালতী	Stixis Suaveolens	Capridaceae
39	Watermelon	তরমুজ	Citrullus Vulgaris	Cucerbitaceae
40		বাঙ্গি, ফুটি	Cucumis melo	“
41		শসা	Cucumis Sativa	“
42		কাঁকুড়	Cucumis melo var flexuosus	“
43		চিনার	Cucumis melo var Conomon	“

44		মারফা	Cucumis melo var reticulatus	“
45		বিলাতী গাব	Garcinia mangostana	Guttifereae
46		কাউফল	Garcinia-Cowa	“
47		ডেওফল	Garcinia tinctoria	“
48		তৈকর	Garcinia pedunculata	“
49		পানিফল	Trapa bicornis	Trapaceae
50	Water caltrop	সিঙ্গাড়া ফল	Trapa natans	“
51		ফলসা	Grewia asiatica	Tiliaceae
52		পিছন্দি	Microcos paniculata	“
53		ধামিন আসার	Grewia tiliafolia	“
54	Elephant apple	চালতা	Dillenia indica	Dilleniaceae
55		কারকেটা	Dillenia pentagyna	“
56		পদ্মফল	Nilumbo nucifera	Nilambonaceae
57		নারিকেল	Cocos nucifera	Palmae
58		খেজুর	Phoenix sylvestris	“
59		হেতাল খেজুর	Phoenix paludosa	“
60		তাল	Borassus flabelliformis	“
61		সুপারি	Areca catechu	“
62		গোলফল	Nipa fruiticans	“
63		বেতফল	Calamus spp	“
64		প্যাসন/ট্যাং ফল	Passiflora edulis var flavicarapa	Pacifloraceae
65		ডালিম	Punica granatum	Punicaceae
66		বৈঁচি	Flacourtia indica	Flacortaceae

67		লুকলুকি	Flacourtia jangomas	“
68		আনারস	Ananas sativus	Bromaliaceae
69		আংগুর	Vitis venifera	Vitaceae
70		কলা	Musa spp.	Musaceae
71		চুকুর	Hibisxus subdariffa	Malvaceae
72		পেয়ারা	Pisidium guajava	Myrtaceae
73		গোলাপজাম	Syzygium jambos	“
74		জাম	Syzygium Cuminii	“
75		কাকজাম	Syzygium fruiticosa	“
76		পানিজাম	Syzygium Cordatum	“
77		খুদিজাম	Syzygium fruiticosum	“
78		বুটিজাম/টেপাজাম	Clcisocalyx operculatus	“
79		নলিজাম	Syzygium claviflorum	“
80		বনজাম	Syzygium macrocarpa	“
81		জামরুল	Syzygium Samarangense	“
82		জাবটিকাবা	Myrciaria Cauliflora	“
83		রক্তগোলা	Haematocarpus validus	“
84		ফুটকি, দাঁতরাঙা	Melastoma malabathricum	Melastomaceae
85		কাঁঠাল	Artocarpus heterophyllus	Moraceae
86		ডেউয়া	Artocarpus lakoocha	“
87		রুটি ফল	Artocarpus altilis	“
88		চাম ফল	Artocarpus chapasha	“

89		তুঁত	Morus nigra/rubra	“
90		ডুমুর	Ficus carica	“
91		যজ্ঞডুমুর	Ficus glomerate	“
92		শানতোল	Sandoricum indicum	“
93		বরই	Zizyphus jujuba	Ramnaceae
94		কুল	Zizyphus mauritiana	“
95		বন বরই	Zizyphus rugosa	“
96		শিয়াল কুল	Zizyphus oenoplia	“
97		মন ফল	Randia spinosa	Rubiaceae
98		পিরালু	Randia uliginosa	“
99		আদা জামির	Citrus assamensis	Rutaceae
100		করুন জামির	Citrus SP	“
101		কাটা জামির	Citrus SP	“
102		জারা লেবু	C. aurantifolia	“
103		কাগজী লেবু	Citrus aurantifolia	“
104		সাত করা	Citrus macroptera	“
105		কলসিলেবু	Citrus SP	“
106		গন্ধরাজ লেবু	Citrus SP	“
107		এলাচ লেবু	Citrus SP	“
108		শরবতি লেবু	C. Limet toides	“
109		নারিকেলি লেবু	C. aurantifolia	“
110		বাতাবি লেবু	C. grandis	“
111		কমলা লেবু	C. sinensis, C. reticulata	“

112		বন নেবু	Paramigyna citrifolia	“
113		বেল	Aegle marmelos	“
114		কদবেল	Feronia limonia	“
115		নাশপাতি	Pyrus communis	Rosaceae
116		স্ট্রবেরি	Fragaria vesca	“
117		পীচ	Prunus persica	“
118		অ্যাভোকেডো	Persea americana	Loraceae
119		আঁশফল	Euphoria longana	Sapindaceae
120		লিচু	Litchi chinensis	“
121		রাম্বুটান	Nephelium lappaceum	“
***	Khirni	খিরনি	Manilkara hexandra	Sapotaceae
122	Sapodilla	সফেদা	Achras Zapota	“
123	Mahuwa	মহুয়া	Madhuca indica	“
124		জামান ফল	Pouteria Campechiana	“
125		তারকা ফল	Chrysophyllum Cainito	“
126		বকুল	Mimusops elengi	“
127		তেঁতুল	Tamarindus indica	Sisalpinaceae
128		জিলাপি ফল	Pithecellobium dulec	“
129		সিহার ফল	Bauhinia vahlii	“
130		জংলী বা বাক্সবাদাম	Sterculia foetida	Sterculiaceae
131		মুলা ফল	Fermiana colorata	“
132		ড্রাগণ ফল	Hyloceveus Sp.	Cactus
133		লালিম
134		পাদফল
135		চিকান
136		টুকটুকি
137		পানকিচুনকি
138		উড়িআম
139		আমঝুম
140		তিন করা
141		কাজুবাদাম
142		পেস্তাবাদাম

2.2.d. Fruit Plants of Bangladesh are shown through picture with very short description:

1. Jackfruit is the national fruit of Bangladesh. This fruit is very popular among people to monkeyes of the country.

2. Soursop or Annona muricata is a vulnerable fruits of Bangladesh.

3. Coconut is very popular all over the country.

2.2.e Causes of  the extinction of fruit Plants :

1. Transferable cultivation & human influence
2. Illegal disection of plants
3. Excessive use in the brick field as fuel
4. Wasteful & uncontrol consumption of plants
5. Agricultural use of forestry and water resources.
6. Destruction of herbal plants in some cases due to invisible reason.
7. Lack of forest conservation act and their proper application.
8. Pressure of high number of population on the forest.
9. Highly grazing
10. Destruction of pollinators by human .
11. Habitat destruction.

2.2.f   Available and non-available fruit plants in Bangladesh :

There is  a lot of fruit plants in our country. But almost 10% of them are going to be extincted for the lack of proper conservation policy and scientific used. In below the list of available, vulnerable, endangered critically endangered extinct and data deficient fruit Plants are mention.

Table -02 : List of the available  vulnerable, endangered, critically endangered, extinct and Data deficient fruit plants in Bangladesh. Here “P” is the position of availability status.

Sl.No	Local Name in Bangla   বাংলা নাম	Available সুলভ	Vulnerable সংকটাপন্ন	Endangered বিপদাপন্ন	Critically Endangered বিপন্ন	Extinct বিলুপ্ত	Data deficient
1	আম	P
2	বন আম	P
3	দেশি আমড়া			P
04	বিলাতি আমড়া	P
05	কাজু বাদাম			P
06	ননিফল	P	P
07	চিরঞ্জি				P
08	ভোলাটুকি				P
09	আতা	P
10	টক আতা		P
11	শরিফা
12	হামজাম		P
13	মুড়মুড়ি		P
14	বড়সানে,ছোটসানে			P
15	আঁকুরা			P
16	করমচা	P

17	মিষ্টি করমচা		P
18	লতা আম			P
19	কামরাঙ্গা	P
20	বিলিম্বি		P
21	বাওয়ালি ফল	P
22	অরবরই		P
23	আমলকি	P
24	কুমকই		P
25	তিমতোয়া	P
26	লটকন	P
27	মাখনা	P
28	দেশিগাব		P
29	গাব গুলাব		P
30	বহরি	P
31	কালোজা		P
32	জলফই		P
33	জলপাই	P
34	কাঠবাদাম	P
35	বহেরা	P
36	হরিতকি	P
37	পেঁপে	P
38	মধুমালতি		P
39	তরমুজ	P
40	বাঙ্গি/ফুটি	P
41	শসা	P
42	কাঁকুড়	P

43	চিনার				P
44	মারফা	P
45	বিলাতি গাব	P
46	কাউফল	P
47	ডেওফল		P
48	তৈকর				P
49	পানিফল	P
50	সিঙ্গাড়া ফল				P
51	ফলসা				P
52	পিছন্দি				P
53	ধামিন আসার				P
54	চালতা	P
55	কারকেটা		P
56	পদ্মফল	P
57	নারিকেল	P
58	খেজুর	P
59	হেতাল খেজুর	P
60	তাল	P
61	সুপারি	P
62	গোল ফল	P
63	বেত ফল	P
64	প্যাসন/ট্যাং ফল		P
65	ডালিম	P
66	বৈঁচি				P
67	লুকলুকি	P
68	আনারস	P

69	আঙ্গুর	P
70	কলা	P
71	চুকুর						P
72	পেয়ারা	P
73	গোলাপজাম	P
74	জাম	P
75	কাকজাম						P
76	পানিজাম				P
77	খুদিজাম				P
78	বুটিজাম/টেপাজাম					P
79	নলিজাম		P
80	বনজাম		P
81	জামরুল	P
82	জাবটিকাবা				P
83	রক্তগোলা						P
84	ফুটকি	P
85	কাঁঠাল	P
86	ডেউয়া	P
87	ব্রেড ফ্রুট			P
88	চাম ফল	P
89	তুঁত	P
90	ডুমুর		P
91	যজ্ঞডুমুর		P
92	শানতোল		P
93	বরই	P
94	কুল	P

95	বন বরই		P
96	শিয়াল কুল		P
97	মনফল	P
98	পিরালু				P
99	আদা জামির	P
100	করুন জামির		P
101	কাটা জামির		P
102	জারা লেবু		P
103	কাগজী লেবু	P
104	সাতকরা	P
105	কলসি লেবু			P
106	গন্ধরাজ লেবু	P
107	এলাচ লেবু		P
108	শরবতি লেবু	P
109	নারিকেলী লেবু		P
110	বাতাবী লেবু	P
111	কমলা লেবু	P
112	বন নেবু		P
113	বেল	P
114	কদবেল	P
115	নাশপাতি	P
116	স্ট্রবেরি	P
117	পীচ			P
118	অ্যাভোকেডো		P
119	আঁশফল			P
120	লিচু	P

121	রাম্বুটান			P
122	সফেদা	P
123	মহুয়া		P
124	জামান ফল		P
125	তারকা ফল			P
126	বকুল	P
127	তেঁতুল	P
128	জিলাপি ফল	P
129	সিহার ফল		P
130	জংলি বাদাম		P
131	মুলা ফল		P
132	ড্রাগণ ফল			P
133	লালিম				P
134	পাদফল				P
135	চিকান				P
136	টুকটুকি				P
137	পানকিচুনকি				P
138	উড়িআম				P
139	আমঝুম				P
140	তিন করা				P
141	কাজু বাদাম			P
142	পেস্তা বাদাম			P

2.2.g   The necessity and importance of  the conservation of fruit plants :

We should conserve the fruit plants for the next generation to use them.

The necessity and importance of conservation of fruit plants in Bangladesh are as follows.

1. For protect natural equilibrium: From the primitive stage of the world, nature produces a biodiversity for a specific area for equilibrium. That natural equilibrity is destroyed by the destruction of any species of that place and natural environment is fallen in much disaster. Fruit plants are one of the parts of biodiversity. So they have great contribution.
2. To protect future probable food items:

We may get highly valuable food items from some fruit plants in future which help our next generations to treat as food and other items. So far the probable future we should conserve the fruit plants.

3. To protect genetic germplasm:

Fruit Plants are useful and they contain the zene that are very important for the germplasm . So we should conserve it .

4. For kinetic ecosystem and evolution:

Every biodiversity supply  the kinetic  energy to the  ecosystem which  help to evolutes the species. So we should conserve the biodiversity to protect our ecosystem.

6. To protect sound environment:

Plants play an important role to protect the natural disaster. Fruit plants also play this role.

7. For economic development:

Uses of fruit plants by scientific method can help a great development in economy. So we should manage the appropriate use of them.

3.3.a    Main step taken by Govt. to conserve the diversification of fruit plants are as follows

1. Taken membership of SACEP
2. Assigned the IUCN (Now converted into WCU) regulatory Act to conserve fruit plants.
3. Policy taken for 20 years to conserve plants.
4. Formation of National Forest policy Act 1994.
5. Tree plantation observed from 1^stJune to 31^st August every year.
6. Advertise through radio, television and other media for awareness of people.
7. Establish of National Botanical Garden, National Eco Park to conserve the wild life.

3.3.b  Research Findings:

1. Most of the fruit plants are on the way of extinction.
2. Due to modern science and technology, men are giving less importance to fruit plants.
3. Diversity of fruit plants is becoming destroyed due to change of environment.
4. Problems of marketing.
5. Lack of knowledge on fruit value on fruit plants.

3.3.c  Recommendations :

It is the responsibility of all concerned people from peasants to president to preserve ecology simultaneously to conserve the biodiversity. Fruit plants are one of the part of biodiversity. Probable path to conserve the diversity of fruit plants are as follows.

1. Usefulness of fruit plants should be publicized by Govt. NGOs and personally through radio, Television and other media.
2. To save the forest for conserving the fruit plants.
3. A specific division should be established in BNH to know the fruit plants easily.
4. To established at least one fruits valley in each and every garden of every district specially for fruit plants for Zene Bank.
5. The use of land should be planned on the basis of the destruction of forest.
6. Proper management of the use of plants is necessary.
7. To Supply the books on fruit plants in every public library and regarded sector.

3.3.d  Conclusion :

Fruit plants not only give us food but also protect our environmental disequilibrity. To save the diversity of fruit plants are to save ourselves. We have to save  the fruit plants to develop our environment and keep the existence of native fruits long live. We have to manage the use of fruit plants some how to think of its significance. Other wise our future generation cannot be benefited by it. We should make our life comfortable considering the condition of future generations to come.

3.3.e    Bibliography :

1. Banglar Bichitro Fal, Mrityunjoy Roy, Dibyaprakash, Dhaka.
2. Biodiversity and Conservation, Hasan Md Abdul, Hasan book House, Dhaka.
3. Vasoge Biggan, Goni, Abdul, Bangla Academy, Dhaka.
4. Dijen sharma, Shamoly Nisorgo, Bangla Academy, Dhaka. .
5. Mokarom Hossen, Bangladesher ful o fal, Samay Prakasan, Dhaka.
6. Bangladesher Proyozonio Gash Gashra, Tapon Dey, Forest Division, Comilla.
7. Plants Name of Bangladesh Huq. A. M- Bangladesh National Harbariums.
8. World Flowers of Bangladesh, the University press Ltd, Bangladesh.
9. Bangla Pedia, Bangladesh Asiatic Society.
10. Ortho o shasther jonno udbhid- Kayes Md Mizanur Rahman.
11. Dr. Md. Mamunur Rashid, Fuler Chas, Dibyaprakash, Dhaka.